{"id":27090,"date":"2024-08-10T06:08:13","date_gmt":"2024-08-10T06:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/z6frttwr.ordoiuris.io\/aktualnosc\/polish-court-gives-priority-to-childs-right-to-life-in-dispute-over-frozen-human-embryo-conceived-through-ivf\/"},"modified":"2025-08-18T12:55:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T10:55:46","slug":"polish-court-gives-priority-to-childs-right-to-life-in-dispute-over-frozen-human-embryo-conceived-through-ivf","status":"publish","type":"informacje","link":"https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/en\/press-newsdesk\/polish-court-gives-priority-to-childs-right-to-life-in-dispute-over-frozen-human-embryo-conceived-through-ivf\/","title":{"rendered":"Polish court gives priority to child\u2019s right to life in dispute over frozen human embryo conceived through IVF"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">\u2022\u00a0The District Court in Radom has allowed the transfer of a child conceived through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) into the mother\u2019s body.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">\u2022\u00a0The case concerns a married couple who, years ago, opted for in vitro fertilisation, which resulted in the birth of one child, while the second embryo so conceived remained frozen.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">\u2022\u00a0The father, after divorcing the mother, did not consent \u2013 contrary to previous arrangements \u2013 to the transfer of the IVF-conceived child into the mother\u2019s body, stating that he was leaving it to her to choose between disposing of the child or placing it for adoption.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">\u2022\u00a0The child\u2019s mother, refusing to allow the child to remain frozen and seeking to allow the child to develop, turned to the Ordo Iuris Institute for help.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">\u2022\u00a0The Radom District Court has granted the mother\u2019s request for the embryo to be transferred into her body, sharing the view of Ordo Iuris\u2019 lawyers that priority should be given to the child\u2019s right to life.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">\u201cOrdo Iuris provided legal assistance to the mother in this case because, while there is no doubt that in vitro fertilisation is an unethical method with low effectiveness and which dehumanises children, in this particular situation we were dealing with a procedure that had already begun, where the child, frozen in liquid nitrogen, was waiting for a chance to be born\u201d, noted Pawe\u0142 Szafraniec, Esq. of the Ordo Iuris Process Intervention Centre. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">The case concerns a couple who, due to health problems, were unable to have children. Eventually, after exhausting all the available infertility treatment methods, they decided to undergo in vitro fertilisation. This resulted in four embryos. Two were discarded, one was transferred into the mother\u2019s body, and one was frozen. The result of this medically-assisted procreation procedure was the birth of a girl in the very first attempt. The married couple then had a second child, conceived naturally.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">However, the couple broke up two and a half years later, eventually ending in divorce. As part of the settlement agreement, which specifically governed the custody of the parties\u2019 children, the husband left his wife the right to decide on the embryo\u2019s fate, with her assuming the obligation to pay for the child\u2019s upkeep, both before and after birth. After the divorce judgment had already been finalised, however, the former spouse refused \u2013 contrary to the settlement agreement \u2013 to consent to the transfer of the embryo into the mother\u2019s body, declaring that he was leaving her the alternative of either disposing of the conceived child or placing it for adoption. The man argued for the refusal of consent, pointing especially to the breakdown of the parents\u2019 relationship, the impossibility of raising the child in a complete family, the problematic prospect of meeting this child when he would be visiting with their other two children, and the conceived child\u2019s lack of legal subjectivity. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">In such circumstances, the mother of the conceived child, who was motivated by her deep affection for the child and wanting to ensure its further development, decided to initiate legal proceedings. To this end, she turned to the Ordo Iuris Institute for help.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">Poland\u2019s law and constitution treats frozen human embryos as human beings with rights<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">The Institute\u2019s lawyers pointed out to the court the position presented in the doctrine that, when the mother of an embryo conceived in vitro applies for its implantation, and where the child\u2019s father does not agree to it, the possibility of such a procedure must be decided by the guardianship court. Also, the Constitutional Court, in its judgment of 18 April 2018, emphasised among other things the embryo\u2019s right to life and the prohibition of an instrumental treatment of any embryo. The Constitutional Court likewise demonstrated that in certain justified cases, the adoption of children conceived in vitro by single persons may be allowed. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">The mother\u2019s attorneys further called attention to the view found in the doctrine that a man donating reproductive cells for in vitro fertilisation must be aware that they will be used to conceive a child in order for that child to be born. Representatives of the Institute additionally alluded to the fact that the Convention on the Rights of the Child guarantees the child (as far as possible) the right to know its parents and to remain in their care. It would therefore be preferable to turn an embryo over to its biological mother, even if she were to raise the child alone, rather than potentially giving it to a complete but unrelated family. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">No event other than conception can be defined as the beginning of a person\u2019s life<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">Our lawyers further noted that acts of Polish law, judgments of the Polish courts, and acts of international law which are binding on Poland prescribe special protection for human life, including in the prenatal stage. This is indicated, among other things, by the Constitutional Tribunal\u2019s judgement of 28 May 1997, in which it was stated that \u201cthe value of a constitutionally-protected legal good, which is human life, including life developing in the prenatal stage, cannot be subject to differentiation. Indeed, there are no sufficiently precise and justified criteria allowing such differentiation to be made according to the developmental stage of human life. From the moment of its creation, human life thus becomes a constitutionally-protected value. This also applies to the prenatal phase\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">Similarly, in its judgment of 30 September 2008, the Constitutional Court noted: \u201cThe Constitutional Court has no doubt that human life is not subject to valuation on the basis of its age, state of health, anticipated duration, or any other criteria\u201d. The need to protect the life of the unborn child is also presupposed by the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, which states that \u201cthe child, by reason of his physical and mental immaturity, needs special safeguards and care, including appropriate legal protection, before as well as after birth\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">The moment of conception as the moment when legal subjectivity is acquired by a human being is also indicated in the provisions of various laws which explicitly use the term \u201cchild\u201d.\u00a0 In accordance with Article 2(1) of Poland\u2019s Act on the Ombudsman for Children, the term \u201cchild\u201d refers to every human being, from conception to adulthood. In turn, Article 182 of the Family and Guardianship Code stipulates that a guardianship shall be established for a child who has been conceived but is not yet born, if this is necessary to protect the child\u2019s future rights. This guardianship ceases when the child is born. Additionally, according to Article 927 \u00a7 2 of the Polish Civil Code, a child who has already been conceived at the time when it is named as the beneficiary of an inheritance may be an heir if born alive. Furthermore, according to Article 157a \u00a7 1 of the Penal Code, whoever causes bodily harm to a conceived child or a health disorder endangering its life is subject to a fine, restriction of liberty, or imprisonment for up to two years.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><b><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">An already existing embryo should not be deprived of its right to life, even if conceived with IVF<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; margin-right: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">The District Court for Warsaw \u017boliborz, in issuing the decision in this case, pointed out that \u201csince the legislator treats the embryo as conceived human life, which is subject to special protection and cannot be destroyed, the transfer of the embryo for embryo donation may only be possible after a 20-year storage period, or after the death of both embryo donors, and if in the case in question the embryo has already been created \u2013 in the opinion of the Court the participant should bear the consequences of his decisions and try to be the best possible father for the child, and not deprive the already existing embryo of its right to life and the biological mother of the possibility of giving birth to her own child\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 12.0pt 0cm;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;\">The above-mentioned reasoning presented by the attorneys of the child\u2019s mother was thus shared by the District Court in Radom.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The District Court in Radom has allowed the transfer of a child conceived through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) into the mother\u2019s body despite the father&#8217;s opposition. Ordo Iuris provided legal assistance to the mother in this case.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27910,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":""},"wyswietlanie":[137],"tagi":[143,166,3695,169],"typ-wpisu":[202],"malzenstwo-i-rodzina":[],"suwerenna-i-niepodlegla-rp":[],"chronmy-dzieci-szkola-i-edukacja":[],"w-obronie-chrzescijan":[],"ochrona-zycia-i-bioetyka":[227],"wolnosc-odpowiedzialnosc":[],"class_list":["post-27090","informacje","type-informacje","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","wyswietlanie-dzialalnosc-instytutu-aktualnosci-en","tagi-child-care-before-school-age","tagi-ivf","tagi-judicial-litigation","tagi-life-dignity","typ-wpisu-press-newsdesk","ochrona-zycia-i-bioetyka-ivf"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Polish court gives priority to child\u2019s right to life in dispute over frozen human embryo conceived through IVF - ordoiuris.pl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/en\/press-newsdesk\/polish-court-gives-priority-to-childs-right-to-life-in-dispute-over-frozen-human-embryo-conceived-through-ivf\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Polish court gives priority to child\u2019s right to life in dispute over frozen human embryo conceived through IVF - ordoiuris.pl\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The District Court in Radom has allowed the transfer of a child conceived through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) into the mother\u2019s body despite the father&#039;s opposition. 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