{"id":41127,"date":"2026-10-06T12:44:56","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T10:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/?post_type=mysl-strategiczn&#038;p=41127"},"modified":"2026-10-06T12:46:43","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T10:46:43","slug":"polands-constitutional-court-strikes-down-the-judge-vetting-mechanism-brussels-required-for-its-recovery-funds","status":"publish","type":"mysl-strategiczn","link":"https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/en\/civilization\/polands-constitutional-court-strikes-down-the-judge-vetting-mechanism-brussels-required-for-its-recovery-funds\/","title":{"rendered":"Poland\u2019s Constitutional Court Strikes Down the Judge-Vetting Mechanism Brussels Required for Its Recovery Funds"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1350px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id41127_2ba844-fa alignfull wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column41127_ffd9d8-71\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb\"]{font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9e6cf6-eb\"><strong>MAIN POINT<\/strong>s<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e\"]{max-width:50px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e wp360-single-one wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-2-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_9b0883-4e\">1<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1\"]{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:23px;line-height:1.3em;font-style:normal;font-family:var( u002du002dglobal-heading-font-family, inherit );}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1\"]{font-size:26px;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1\"]{font-size:18px;}}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_edd464-c1\">On September 22, 2026, Poland\u2019s Constitutional Tribunal held unanimously (case K 21\/26) that the provisions establishing the so-called test of a judge\u2019s independence and impartiality \u2014 in the common courts, the military courts and the Supreme Court \u2014 are incompatible with the Constitution.<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c\"]{max-width:50px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c wp360-single-one wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-2-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_bef430-7c\">2<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff\"]{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:23px;line-height:1.3;font-style:normal;font-family:var( u002du002dglobal-heading-font-family, inherit );}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff\"]{font-size:18px;}}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_136aa9-ff\">The Tribunal held that the constitutional right of access to public service covers not only the possibility of taking up an office but the real ability to exercise it. A judge deprived of the ability to adjudicate is therefore deprived of the very substance of that right.<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_928d89-57\"]{max-width:50px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_928d89-57\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_928d89-57\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_928d89-57 wp360-single-one wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-2-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_928d89-57\">3<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de\"]{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:23px;line-height:1.3;font-style:normal;font-family:var( u002du002dglobal-heading-font-family, inherit );}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de\"]{font-size:18px;}}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_7df5cb-de\">The test examines not independence or impartiality but the circumstances of a judge\u2019s appointment, and so inverts the idea of recusal: what is said to undermine impartiality is not the circumstances of the case but general circumstances beyond the judge\u2019s control. Since recusal already exists, the test is superfluous and fails the requirement of necessity under Article 31(3) of the Constitution.<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2\"]{max-width:50px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2 wp360-single-one wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-2-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2bd97e-a2\">4<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10\"]{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:23px;line-height:1.3;font-style:normal;font-family:var( u002du002dglobal-heading-font-family, inherit );}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10\"]{font-size:18px;}}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_113c1b-10\">The mechanism duplicates \u2014 and in practice allows the circumvention of \u2014 the constitutional procedure for removing a judge from office, and carries a chilling effect: a judge may hesitate to rule in an \u201cinconvenient\u201d way for fear that the test will be used against him.<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_504369-3f\"]{max-width:50px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_504369-3f\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_504369-3f\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_504369-3f wp360-single-one wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-2-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_504369-3f\">5<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd\"]{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:23px;line-height:1.3;font-style:normal;font-family:var( u002du002dglobal-heading-font-family, inherit );}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd\"]{font-size:18px;}}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_ef898c-cd\">In practice the test was applied only to judges appointed from 2018 onward, and refused as against judges whose first appointment came from the Council of State of the communist-era Polish People\u2019s Republic. An institution conceived as a tool of compromise turned out to be a tool of political selection.<\/h4>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2\"]{max-width:50px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:50px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-family:'DrukWide Bold';}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h3 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2 wp360-single-one wp-block-kadence-advancedheading has-theme-palette-2-color has-text-color\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_2e0c46-c2\">6<\/h3>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26\"]{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center;font-size:23px;line-height:1.3;font-style:normal;font-family:var( u002du002dglobal-heading-font-family, inherit );}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26\"]{font-size:18px;}}<\/style>\n<h4 class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_15b5c5-26\">The judgment covers every remaining provision on the test and completes the line of case law opened by the ruling of February 25, 2026 (SK 68\/25), which eliminated the analogous mechanism in the administrative courts.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xl, 4rem);}.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id41127_53a232-e8 alignfull wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column41127_11cc34-f8\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-image.kb-image41127_802db1-ff:not(.kb-specificity-added):not(.kb-extra-specificity-added){margin-bottom:-30px;}.wp-block-kadence-image.kb-image41127_802db1-ff{position:relative;z-index:5;}.kb-image41127_802db1-ff .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image41127_802db1-ff\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"114\" height=\"54\" src=\"https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/wpis-obrazek.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-4085\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-41127_72eb29-6a .kt-block-spacer{height:6px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-41127_72eb29-6a .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#ced2ea;width:100%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-41127_72eb29-6a\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><hr class=\"kt-divider\"\/><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1350px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id41127_7c5a94-1f alignfull wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column41127_4be1b4-7d\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Background for international readers<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The provisions struck down by this judgment were not a Polish invention. They were drafted under direct pressure from the European Commission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From 2017 onward the Commission pursued a sustained campaign against the judicial reforms of Poland\u2019s then Law and Justice government: it <a href=\"https:\/\/eclj.org\/geopolitics\/eu\/lattaque-de-la-commission-europeenne-contre-la-reforme-de-la-justice-en-pologne--resume-chronologie-et-enjeux\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">triggered the Article 7 procedure in December 2017<\/a>, brought a series of infringement actions before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), and obtained interim measures and financial penalties against Warsaw \u2014 while declining to apply comparable scrutiny to member states with <a href=\"https:\/\/eclj.org\/geopolitics\/eu\/la-reforme-du-conseil-de-la-magistrature-polonais-et-lindependance-de-la-justice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">similar arrangements, Spain among them<\/a>, whose parliament likewise elects members of its judicial council.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Poland\u2019s National Recovery Plan \u2014 the Polish chapter of NextGenerationEU \u2014 was negotiated, the Commission made disbursement conditional on a set of judiciary \u201cmilestones.\u201d One of them required that <em>\u201cthe Polish courts can initiate verification procedures on whether a judge meets the requirements of independence stemming from the Article 19 TEU on rule of law.\u201d<\/em> That milestone is the direct origin of the mechanism at issue here: the test of a judge\u2019s independence and impartiality, <a href=\"https:\/\/palestra.pl\/pl\/czasopismo\/wydanie\/10-2022\/artykul\/ustawowy-test-niezawislosci-i-bezstronnosci-sedziego-w-sprawach-karnych\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">introduced by the amendment to the Law on the Supreme Court of June 9, 2022<\/a>, which entered into force on July 15, 2022. The government of Mateusz Morawiecki enacted it as the price of access to the money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, the money did not follow. The Commission kept the funds blocked for the remainder of that government\u2019s term and <a href=\"https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/en\/comments\/when-defending-the-rule-of-law-serves-politics-the-european-commissions-report-on-poland\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">released the first payments almost immediately after Donald Tusk took office<\/a> in December 2023, closing the Article 7 procedure on May 29, 2024 by reference to the new government\u2019s stated intentions rather than to any completed reform \u2014 a pattern <a href=\"https:\/\/eclj.org\/geopolitics\/eu\/the-rule-of-law-a-la-carte-how-the-european-commission-applies-different-standards-to-poland-depending-on-who-is-in-power\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">described as a rule of law \u201c\u00e0 la carte.\u201d<\/a> The institution Poland had been required to create then turned out, in practice, to serve a different purpose: not protecting judicial independence, but <a href=\"https:\/\/obserwator-praworzadnosci.pl\/en\/test-of-independence-a-means-to-make-judges-dependent\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">screening judges by the date of their appointment<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(\u2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/obserwator-praworzadnosci.pl\/en\/polands-constitutional-court-strikes-down-the-judge-vetting-mechanism-brussels-required-for-its-recovery-funds\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/obserwator-praworzadnosci.pl\/en\/who-decides-who-judges-in-poland-a-prime-ministers-signature-becomes-a-tool-to-block-the-courts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Full text available at the Rule of Law Observer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_638410-4c\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_638410-4c\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_638410-4c\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<p class=\"kt-adv-heading41127_638410-4c wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading41127_638410-4c\"><em>Source of cover photo:<\/em> <em>iStock<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);max-width:var( --global-content-width, 1350px );padding-left:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-right:var(--global-content-edge-padding);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e{background-image:url('https:\/\/ordoiuris.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/widget-tlo-1.jpg');background-size:cover;background-position:center center;background-attachment:scroll;background-repeat:no-repeat;}.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id41127_661a0b-4e alignfull kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top kb-theme-content-width\">\n<style>.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column41127_9211fd-8f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<style>\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram {\n\t\tpadding: 1em;\n\t\tpadding-top: var(--global-kb-spacing-xxl, 5rem);\n\t\tpadding-bottom: var(--global-kb-spacing-xxl, 5rem);\n\t\tfont-family: var(--global-heading-font-family);\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram * {\n\t\tbox-sizing: border-box;\n\t\tfont-size: 20px;\n\t\tcolor: var(--dynamic-color);\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .oi-widget-content {\n\t\tpadding: 0 0 10em 0;\n\t}\n\t\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram h2 {\n\t\tfont-style: normal;\n\t\tfont-weight: normal;\n\t\tfont-size: 34px;\n\t\tline-height: 1.5;\n\t\tfont-family: var(--global-heading-font-family);\n\t\tcolor: var(--global-palette2);\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram h2 strong {\n\t\tcolor: #0000;\n\t\t-webkit-text-stroke: var(--global-palette2) 1px;\n\t\tfont-size: 85px;\n\t\tdisplay: block;\n\t\tline-height: 1;\n\t}\n\n\n\t\/* buttony kwot *\/\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .radio-buttons {\n\t\tdisplay: grid;\n\t\tgrid-gap: 0.5em;\n\t\tgrid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;\n\t\tmax-width: 615px;\n\t\tpadding: 0.5em 0;\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .radio-buttons input[type=radio] {\n\t\tdisplay: none;\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .radio-buttons label {\n\t\tdisplay: inline-block;\n\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\tpadding: 10px;\n\t\tbackground: var(--global-palette1);\n\t\t--dynamic-color: black;\n\t\tcursor: pointer;\n\t\tuser-select: none;\n\t\ttransition: all 0.2s ease;\n\t\tborder-radius: 100px;\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .radio-buttons input[type=radio]:checked + label {\n\t\tbackground: white;\n\t}\n\n\n\t\/* inna kwota *\/\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .inna-kwota {\n\t\tposition: relative;\n\t}\n\t\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram .inna-kwota input {\n\t\twidth: 100%;\n\t\tbackground: transparent;\n\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\tborder: 0;\n\t\toutline: 0;\n\t\tfont-family: var(--global-heading-font-family);\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram input::-webkit-outer-spin-button,\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram input::-webkit-inner-spin-button {\n\t\t-webkit-appearance: none;\n\t\tmargin: 0;\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram input[type=number] {\n\t\t-moz-appearance: textfield; \/* Firefox *\/\n\t\tbox-shadow: none;\n\t\tpadding: 0;\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram ::placeholder {\n\t\tcolor: var(--dynamic-color);\n\t\topacity: 1; \/* Firefox *\/\n\t}\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram ::-ms-input-placeholder {\n\t\tcolor: var(--dynamic-color);\n\t}\n\n\n\t\/* button WSPIERAM *\/\n\t#oi-widget-wspieram button[type=submit] {\n\t\tbackground: transparent;\n\t\tborder: solid var(--global-palette2) 2px;\n\t\t--dynamic-color: 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